Home Revise | Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Social Science Political Science Civics Solutions Chapter 2 The Electoral Process

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Social Science Political Science Civics Solutions Chapter 2 The Electoral Process

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science CBSE

MSBSHSE Class 10 Social Science Political Science Chapter 2 The Electoral Process

Q1. Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the sentences.

(1) The Election Commissioner is appointed by the ………….

(a) President

(b) Prime Minister

(d) Vice President

(2) …………was appointed as the first Chief Election Commissioner of independent India.

(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad

(b) T.N. Sheshan

(d) Neela Satyanarayan

(3) Constituencies are created by ………. committee of the Election Commission.

(a) Selection

(b) Delimitation

(d) Timetable

Answer 1: The Election Commissioner is appointed by the President.

Answer 2: Sukumar Sen was appointed as the first Chief Election Commissioner of independent India.

Answer 3: Constituencies are created by Delimitation committee of the Election Commission

Q2. State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answer.

(1) The Elections Commission lays down the code of conduct during elections.

(2) Under special circumstances the Election Commission holds re-elections in a particular constituency for a second time.

(3) The state government decides as to when and in how many stages the elections would be held in a particular State.

Answer 1: The statement is true. Election commission of India lay down the code of conduct during election to ensure fair selection of the respective leader by the people of the area without any force, thereby ensuring democracy.

Answer 2: The statement is true. When there is any problem during the poll, there are any problems, which hurt the normal process of election, then the election commission can call for a re-election.

Answer 3: The statement is false. The Election Commission of India decides as to when and in how many stages elections would be held in a particular state which largely depends on the population density.

Q3. Write short notes.

(1) Reorganising the constituencies

(2) Journey from the ballot box to EVM machine

Answer 1: Reorganising the constituencies –The total number of members in Lok Sabha is 543. Every member represents one constituency. It means there are 543 constituencies of Lok Sabha. Creating constituencies is the responsibility of the Delimitation Commission of Election Commission. The Delimitation Commission does not succumb to any pressure while restructuring the constituencies.

Answer 2: Journey from the ballot box to EVM machine –The first election in independent India was held in 1951-52. This was the beginning of shaping democracy through electoral politics. In the initial elections ballot boxes were used for the purpose of voting. The use of EVM machines started from the decade of 1990s. Many things could be achieved because of the voting machine. If the voters do not want to vote for any candidate, they could choose an option of ‘None of the above’ (NOTA). This option can be given only because of the voting machine. It has become easy for disabled people (Divyanga) to vote. It reduced the cutting of trees for paper and thereby helped in the protection of the environment. It has also been possible to have an early declaration of election results.

Q4. Complete the following picture.

Answer: Role of Election Commission: To conduct free and fair elections in the country.

Role of the voters: To cast their votes and participate in the election process

Role of political parties &their candidates: To follow the Code of Conduct.

Q5. Answer in brief.

(1) Explain the functions of the Election Commission.

(2) Write some additional information about post of the Election Commissioner.

(3) Explain the meaning of Code of Conduct.

Answer 1: The functions of the Election Commission are as follows:

Preparing the voters list: Every Indian citizen who has completed 18 years of age has a right to vote. To exercise the right to vote, a citizen ’s name must be in the voters list. It is the responsibility of the Election Commission to prepare the list of eligible voters, update the existing voter’s list and include the names of new voters. The Election Commission has the authority to issue identity cards to the voters.
Decide the timetable and the programme of elections: The conduct of elections is entirely the responsibility of the Election Commission. The Election Commission decides when to conduct elections and in how many stages to hold elections in every state.
Scrutiny of the applications of candidates: After the election dates are declared, every political party selects the candidates to contest elections. Some candidates contest the elections independently without the support of any political party. Candidates of political parties as well as independent candidates have to fill the applications which include the information about their own self. The Election Commission scrutinises all the applications and allows the eligible candidates to contest the elections.
Give recognition to political parties: We have a multiparty system in our country. New parties continue to be formed. Spilt in the parties results in the formation of new parties. All political parties are required to be recognised by the Election Commission. The Election Commission also has a right to derecognise any political party. The Election Commission also allots election symbols to the political parties.
To resolve any disputes relating to elections: The Election Commission has the responsibility of resolving any disputes that may arise regarding elections. Accordingly, to declare any candidate as disqualified or conduct re-election in a particular constituency is the responsibility of the Election Commission.

Answer 2: Election Commissioner of India

Election Commissioner of India is a chief authority to ensure fair and transparent conductance of elections across India.
Election Commissioner of India can be removed by the 2/3rd majority passed by the Parliament to the Supreme Court provided his mis conductance is proved.
Election Commissioner of India is also required to ensure protection and safety to election personnel as the cases of booth-capturing or rigging are prevalent in many States.
Election Commissioner of India monitors corruption activity during the Code of Conduct promulgation.

Answer 3: To ensure free and fair elections in India, the Election Commission has adopted several measures. The Code of Conduct is one of the measures adopted by the Election Commission. In the last few decades, the Election Commission has used its powers to control malpractices during elections. The Code of Conduct explains the rules that are to be followed by the Government, political parties and voters before elections and during elections. Even the Government cannot violate these rules. Due to the strict observance of the code of conduct in the last few elections, the common voters have become confident.